This book is a collaborative work prepared by academics and practitioners in the field of English language education. It discusses various contemporary approaches to English language teaching in response to technological developments, linguistic diversity, and the changing needs of 21st-century learners. Although this book is not without limitations, we hope that it will serve as a useful reference and source of knowledge for lecturers, teachers, students, researchers, academics, and education practitioners. The book consists of thirteen chapters covering topics such as generative artificial intelligence in English language classrooms, digital-era English language teaching, personalized learning through artificial intelligence, AI in EFL writing instruction, translanguaging, digital literacy, multimodal learning, social media-supported learning, contextual teaching and learning, project-based learning, gamification, intercultural communicative competence, and academic literacy development for university EFL students.